Gasifying apparatus



'Dec. 25, 1956 F. J. TERMANY 2,775,513

GASIFYING APPARATUS Filed Jan. 27, 1955 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 Frank J'Termany INVENTOR.

2,775,513 GASIFYING APPARATUS Frank J. Termany, Lake Hiawatha, N.Application January 27,1955, Serial No. -484,352 6 Claims. (cl; 48- 107ing the above objectives by atomization and combustion in cold humidclimates and which is foolproof and inexpensive to manufacture, andadapted to generate instantaneous blue gas. V

Other and subordinate objects, together with the precise nature of myimprovements, will become apparent when the succeeding description andclaimsare read with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:

Figure 1 is a. View in vertical'sectionwof my improved apparatus in thepreferred embodiment thereof;

Figure 2 is a view in horizontal section taken on the 'line 22 of Figurel;

Figure 3.is a view in horizontal section taken on the line 3-3 of Figurel; and

Figure 4 is a fragmentaryview in horizontal section taken on the line4-4 of Figure 1. I

Referringto the drawings by numerals, the apparatus of myinventioncomprises an upright outer cylindrical shell 1 having a bottom 3 and anannular top closure plate 5 bolted to said shell, as at 7, on a sealinggasket 9.

A second cylindrical upright shell 11 depends from the closure plate,with which it is integrally formed, into the outer shell 1concentrically thereof with a closed bottom 13 and is smaller indiameter and shorter to space the same from the side and bottom of saidouter shell 1.

A third upright shell 15 extends from the opening 17 in the cover plate5 to the bottom 13 of the second shell 11 within the second shell 11concentrically thereof and is formed integrally with said plate 5 andbottom 13 and spaced from the side of the second shell 11 to form.

therewith an annular gas discharge chamber 16 in the second shell 11.

A turret 19 surrounding the opening 17 in the closure plate 5 rises fromsaid plate 5 and is formed of upper and lower fitting sections 21, 23bolted together, as at 25,

with a sealing gasket 27 therebetween and the lower section 23 bolted tothe closure plate 5, as at 29, on a sealing gasket 31. r

A right angled oil supply pipe 33 from a suitable source of hydrocarbonfuel oil under pressure extends into one side of the upper section 21through a gland nut 35 and depends into the lower fitting 23 with adownwardly discharging atomizer bulb 35 thereon in the lower fitting 23and inside the upper end of an upright fourth cylindrical shell 37suspended by an upper end 39 from said bulb and spaced concentricallyfrom said lower fitting 23 and the third shell 15.

ice

A high voltage arc sparkplug 41 extends through one side of the lowerfitting 23 and into the fourth shell 37 di ectly below the atomizer bulbto ignite atomized fuel oil discharged from said bulb 35 in the upperportion of the fourth shell 37 whereby said shell 37 forms a primarycombustion chamber 43 therein.

An annular horizontal central partition 45 in the outer shell dividesthe same into an upper preheating air chamber 47 and lower air and gasmixing chambers 49, and a horizontal partition 51 in thethird shell 15divides the same into an upper post combustion chamber 53 and a lowergas drying chamber 55.

An air supply line 57 from a suitable source of hot air under pressureextends into one side of the preheating air chamber47 and a gooseneckhot air discharge pipe 54 extends from the top of said chamber 47 to thetop of the upper section 21 of the turret 19 with its ends suitablyconnected to nipples 56, 58 threaded in the closure plate 5 and the topof the upper section 21, so that .said pipe 54 discharges heated airdownwardly through the turret 19 and through the space between the thirdand fourth shells 15, 37 into the post combustion chamber 51 to drawignited gas out of the primary combustion chamber 43 through sideopenings 59 in the open lower end of said shell 37, and out of the lowerend of said primary combustion chamber 43.

A bafile cup 61 is supported in the primary combustion chamber 43directly below the sparkplug 41 on a rod 63 rising from the partition 51and is of conical shape internally to bounce ignited gas back into theignition area around the sparkplug terminals 65. An air inlet port.67 inthe top of the fourth shell 37 provides for admitting air from theturret 19 past one side of the bulb 35 into said ignition area forcombustion purposes.

A plurality of vertical choke tubes 69 having upper and lower endsthereof suitably fixed in the partition 51 and the bottom 13 of thesecond shell 11 extend through the drying chamber 15' and through whichthe ignited gas passed downwardly from the post combustion chamber 53into a baflie cup 71 in the air and gasmixing chamber 49 surrounding thelower end of the second shell 11 and spaced from the shells 1, 11 andthe partition 45 and having an axial open-ended updraft flue 73extending upwardly into the drying chamber 55 and fixed in thebottom 13of the second shell 11 in the axis of the latter to suspend said cup 71in the air and gas mixing chamber 49 and communicating the air and gasmixing chamber with the drying chamber 55.

A circular series of discharge ports 75 in the lower end of the thirdshell 15 communicate with the bottom of the drying chamber 55 with thebottom of the gas discharge chamber 16.

A gas discharge pipe 77 extends laterally from the upper portion of thegas discharge chamber 16 out of the outer shell 1 for piping the fuelgas to burners or the like.

Referring now to the operation in detail, the oil supply line 33 isadapted to be connected to a suitable pump, not shown, to discharge fueloil from a suitable source into the atomizer bulb 35 under high pressureto finely atomize the oil. The finely atomized oil is ignited at theignition area around the terminals 65 of the sparkplug 41, therebycompletely cracking the oil and the oil vapor formed which is forced tobounce back out of the cup 61 into the ignition area so that it iscompletely cracked in the primary combustion chamber 43. Hot air fromthe preheating air chamber issues under pressure from the hot airdischarge pipe 54 into the turret 19 to pass down through the spacebetween the shell 37 and the section 23 and third shell 15 to draw theburning vapor downwardly through the apertures 59 and the lower end ofsaid shell 37 out of the primary combustion chamber 43 3 7 into the postcombustion chamber 53 to mix with the hot air and is prevented fromascending in said chamber 53 by the downdraft of the hot air in the postcombustion chamber 53, thereby obviating flarebacks and explosions.

From the post combustion chamber 53, the burning vapor or gas is forcedunder pressure in said chamber 53 down through the choke tubes 69 whichretard its passage therethrough so that low grade waxes and tars areburned out of the'vapor or gas to purify the same.

The purified vapor or gas discharges from the choke tubes 69 downwardlyinto the baffle cup 71 where it is agitated and issues from said cup 71into the air and gas choke tubes 69 to bring about slow burning of waxesand tars out of the vapor of gas and the drying chambers 55 also preventflarebacks into the post combustion chamber 53.

The heat from the preheating air chamber 47 may be used initially topreheat the primary combustion chamber 43 and hence the atomized oil sothat the atomized oil can be ignited for gasifying.

The foregoing will, it is believed, suffice to impart a clearunderstanding of my invention without further explanation.

Manifestly, the invention is susceptible of modification and right isherein reserved to such modifications as fall within the scope of theappended claims.

What is claimed as new is as follows:

1. A liquid fuel oil gasifier comprising an upright cylindrical outershell closed at its bottom, and having an annular top closure plate, anopen bottom turret rising from said plate, a tubular primary combustionchamber depending out of said turret through said plate and having alower apertured end, and a substantially closed upper' end, a downwardlydischarging atomizer in the upper end of said chamber, a pressure oilsupply line extending into said turret and combustion chamber to saidatomizer, a high voltage are sparkplug in said turret with terminalsdirectly beneath said atomizer to ignite atomized oil from said atomizerand gasify the same, a cylindrical post combustion chamber dependingfrom said plate around said primary chamber, said turret and postcombustion chamber forming an annular downtake passage around saidprimary chamber, means for discharging a downdraft of hot air throughsaid turret and passage to evacuate by suction the gas from the primarycombustion chamber into the post combustion chamber, a lower air and gasmixing chamber in said outer shell, means communicating said postcombustion chamber with said air and gas mixing chamber, a gas dischargechamber surrounding said post combustion chamber and having an outlet,and means communicating said air and gas mixing chamber with said gasdischarge chamber.

2. A gasifier according to claim 1, and an internally conical baflle cupin said primary combustion chamber beneath and closely adjacent saidterminals for bouncing the gas back toward said terminals.

3. A gasifier according to claim 1, said first-named means comprising anannular upper air chamber in said outer shell surroundingsaidgas-discharge chamber and adapted to contain hot air under pressure,and a hot air discharge pipe communicating said annular air chamber withsaid turret.

4. A gasifier according to claim 1, said second-named means comprising aplurality of vertical choke tubes depending from the bottom of said postcombustion chamber and through which the gas passes from the postcombustion chamber with a retardant flow for burning impurities out ofthe gas.

5. A gasifier according to claim 4, and a battle cup in said air and gasmixing chamber into which said tubes discharge for agitating the gas.

6. A gasifier according to claim 4, said last-named means comprising agas drying chamber depending from the post combustion chamber within andcommunicating at its'bottom with said gas discharge chamber and throughwhich said tubes extend in communication with the lower air and gasmixing chamber.

References Cited in the file of this patent UNITED STATES PATENTS

1. A LIQUID FUEL OIL GASIFIER COMPRISING AN UPRIGHT CYLINDRICAL OUTERSHELL CLOSED AT ITS BOTTOM, AND HAVING AN ANNULAR TOP CLOSURE PLATE, ANOPEN BOTTOM TURRET RISING FROM SAID PLATE, A TUBULAR PRIMARY COMBUSTIONCHAMBER DEPENDING OUT OF SAID TURRET THROUGH SAID PLATE AND HAVING ALOWER APERTURED END, AND A SUBSTANTIALLY CLOSED UPPER END, A DOWNWARDLYDISCHARGING ATOMIZER IN THE UPPER END OF SAID CHAMBER, A PRESSURE OILSUPPLY LINE EXTENDING INTO SAID TURRET AND COMBUSTION CHAMBER TO SAIDATOMIZER, A HIGH VOLTAGE ARC SPARKPLUG IN SAID TURRET WITH TERMINALSDIRECTLY BENEATH SAID ATOMIZER TO IGNITE ATOMIZED OIL FROM SAID ATOMIZERAND GASIFY THE SAME, A CYLINDRICAL POST COMBUSTION CHAMBER DEPENDINGFROM SAID PLATE AROUND SAID PRIMARY CHAMBER, SAID TURRET AND POSTCOMBUSTION CHAMBER FORMING AN ANNULAR DOWNTAKE PASSAGE AROUND SAIDPRIMARY CHAMBER, MEANS FOR DISCHARGING A DOWNDRAFT OF HOT AIR THROUGHSAID TURRET AND PASSAGE TO EVACUATE BY SUCTION THE GAS FROM THE PRIMARYCOMBUSTION CHAMBER INTO THE POST COMBUSTION CHAMBER, A LOWER AIR AND GASMIXING CHAMBER IN SAID OUTER SHELL, MEANS COMMUNICATING SAID POSTCOMBUSTION CHAMBER WITH SAID AIR AND GAS MIXING CHAMBER, A GAS DISCHARGECHAMBER SURROUNDING SAID POST COMBUSTION CHAMBER AND HAVING AN OUTLET,AND MEANS COMMUNICATING SAID AIR AND GAS MIXING CHAMBER WITH SAID GASDISCHARGE CHAMBER.